1915 Corona

Corona (Crowns) is a game from 1915 which the next picture were sent to me by Fred Horn.

It states it was manufactured by The Corona Company, game producers from Los Angeles, with a copyright from the 1910s (it's hard to see).

The picture of the board gives an extra clue, the copyright was from June 1915,

The printed rules are,

 

 

 

 

If we zoom in the top of the pieces box, we get some hard to read information,

But we find an alternative name, 'Crowns'.

Using this information I went to Google patents and was able to find patent US87328614A from U.C.Upjohn, an application filed in Non, 21, 1914 and published at 1915-06-29, which corresponds to the board printed text.

The board and patented ruleset is as follows,

 

A Game is Born

Inside my website World of Abstract Games, there is one page dedicated to Checkers variants. It includes regional rulesets and several other more recent inventions. Around 2001 or 2002 I included another one that I called "Board Draughts" with the following text:

In Board Draughts, each player also starts with 8 stones of the first two rows. Stones cannot capture and just move and jump forward. The goal is to move all stones to the last row (where they are removed from board). Wins the player with no stones left. I don't have information about if jumping is mandatory, but I would guess that it is.

The game rules were copied from the rule's book of a 200 pack game that I had bought several years before,

Of course, 18 years passed and I had completely forgot all about this.

Last November, Ralf Gering sent me an email asking for more details about Board Draughts. He had noticed that the rules, as stated, were not complete. It seemed that [Ralf's Words],

jumping must be mandatory, otherwise it would be just too easy to block the opponent's stones. Which leads to another question: What do you do if your stones are blocked, which can still happen (albeit rarely)? In my opinion the player who is blocked should lose the game (as in "normal" draughts), which would add another strategic layer to the game.

I agreed and included that on the ruleset. Ralf also gave a puzzle for this adapted game,

(solution at the end)

...and asked about the source of the original rules. I really didn't remember, but he was able to found some old email where I had mentioned the 200 pack game. I check it and indeed found the original text (in Portuguese),

Here there is also a Go-like variant where a group of surrounded checkers are captured and removed from the board. But at the time I didn't add it to the checkers page.

Anyway, I sent this information to Ralf and he was able to found a 1998 German edition called "200 Spiele: Viele Spiele für die ganze Familie", published by Peri-Spiele, an Austrian game business.

with the same game collection,

Ralf then commented,

Your game is actually called Halma-Dame in German! It was described by Erwin Glonnegger and Walter Diem in "Das große Ravensburger Spielebuch" (1974) [They also describe Blockade (=Bloqueio) just before they describe Halma-Dame!], by Hajo Bücken and Dirk Hanneforth in "Klassische Spiele ganz neu" (1990) and by Theo Hartogh in "Alte Brettspiele neu entdeckt: Mühle, Dame, Halma" (1999). The Portuguese translation is, however, misleading and (partly) outright wrong. According to the German sources pieces are allowed to leap over opponent's pieces, but that's not mandatory. The object of the game is to occupy the two farthest ranks that is the start position of the opponent. Pieces are never removed from the board. Nothing is said about blockades in the German rules.

So, my initial attempt to make sense of the Portuguese text, resulted in a (partially specified) new checkers game. I changed the checkers webpage to reflect this.

This is a small example of what I think is an important effect in the history of board games. Some regional variants, even new games, could have been created due to misunderstandings between people from different lands, communicating with difficulty without a proper shared language. Others might be born from reading underspecified rules or bad translations from books describing games. These misunderstandings produce ambiguity when trying to play the game afterwards, within your own family or community, and there is the need to create patches to make the game playable again.A bit like mutation in evolution.

s i * X * O

A  Tile - laying Boardgame  by  Fred Horn© Fred Horn  25/11/2016

Introduction On SPIEL’16 in Essen I did meet Mr. Christer Ekberg from Sweden who was presenting a newly published game TREXO by Förlago AB.  The material to play the game reminded me strongly of something I did invent in the last part of the 70’s nearly forty years ago. Looking through my historic files I found the Notes for a game on a 8x8-board, using domino-like game-pieces with the symbols of ‘noughts and crosses’: an X  and an O. It was easy to see that this game (it never got a name!) with a few adapted rules could be played on the Board and with the Tiles of the TREXO-game. -- Fred Horn

Aim of the Game

To be the Player with more “lines” with 6 of his symbols on a ‘line’.

Material

=  Board with 10 x 10 squares

=  45 Tiles ( 1 x 2 ) – 2 squares with on 1 square an  X  and on the other square an O

Start

The Board is placed between the 2 Players on the Table.

All Tiles are placed in a “Stock” next to the Board.

One Player picks 1 Tile and place it anywhere, according to the grid, on the Board.

The other Player choses his symbol:  X  or  O .

The first Player do have two options: or to start play or to let his opponent start.

When the starting Player’s Tile is West/East, than the other Player places his Tiles North/South and in reverse when the first Player does have North/South the other places West/East.

Play

=  After ‘start play’, Players’  Turns alternate.

=  In his Turn a Player takes a Tile from the “Stock” and places it to his wish anywhere

     on the Board according to his orientation (North/South or West/East).

=  Players try to get 6 (exactly 6 !) of their symbol on a straight ‘line’ on the Board.

     N.B. The symbols do not need to be adjacent, other symbols or open squares in

     between are allowed.

    If a Player makes a ‘line’ with 6 of the opponents symbols that does not count.

=  When a Player has made a ‘line’ (if possible to make 2 or more -‘lines’ with 6- in the

    same Turn, each ‘line’ counts) with 6 of his symbols, he end his Turn by picking a Tile

    for each ‘line’ from the “Stock” placing it “blind” in front of him to mark his “Score”.

=  When the “Stock” is empty game ends.

=  Each Player counts his “Scored” Tiles. Player with the highest sum wins.

     When it is an equal sum the game ends in a Draw.

TRINGS

A Board-Game for 2 Players by Fred Horn
© Fred Horn   18-04-2018

MATERIAL

= Game-Board

= 2 sets of Playing -Pieces in different colors consist of: 4 pins; 4 tubes; 4 rings.

    The pin fits into the tube which fits into the ring.

 

SETUP

AIM of the GAME

To be the first Player who makes FOUR ‘TOWERS’ (a pin in a pipe in a ring) anywhere upon the (cross)points of the Board except on the points with a dot (the start-points).

RULES

= Red starts than Turns alternate.

= In his Turn a Player may move a Piece to an adjacent empty (cross)point,

   or he may jump over another Piece (or combined Pieces) when the (cross)point thereafter       

   in the jump-direction is empty.

   Multiple jumps are allowed and change of direction after each jump also. Player can stop

   jumping on a point of his wish.

   Player has to move or jump, passing in his Turn is not allowed.

= Player may end his move or jump by placing his Piece ‘in’ or ‘over’ a Piece of his own color.

   A pin can only be placed ‘in’ a pipe and a pipe only ‘in’ a ring, as well as a ring can only be

   placed ‘over’ a pipe and a pipe ‘over’ a pin. 

   N.B.1 Making a ‘combination’ upon a (cross)point with a dot (the start-points) is not

              allowed.  

   N.B.2 Ending a ring ‘over a pin or a pin ‘in’ a ring is not allowed.

= When a (cross)point is occupied by 2 or 3 Pieces these cannot be moved again.

   They stay put.

= The first Player making FOUR “TOWERS” upon ‘not-dotted’ points, WINS.

EXTRA

A larger Board is available to play the game with 3 or 4 Players.

        Start-position for the game with 3 Players:

        Start-position for the game with 4 Players:

Players alternate Turns clockwise, Red starts.       Other Rules identical to  the 2-Player-game.